@article {1229636,
	title = {Quantifying global CH4 and N2O footprints},
	journal = {Journal of Environmental Management},
	volume = {251},
	year = {2019},
	abstract = {This study aims to quantify global CH4\&nbsp;and N2O footprints in 2012 in terms of 181 economies and 20 world regions based on the official national emission accounts from the UNFCCC database and the global multi-region input-output accounts from the EORA database. Global total CH4\&nbsp;and N2O emissions increased by 15.0\% in 2012 compared to 1990, mainly driven by increasing demands of agricultural and energy products. Mainland China, Western Europe, the USA, Southeast Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa were identified as the largest five CH4\&nbsp;footprint contributors (55.6\% of the global total), while Mainland China, the USA, Western Europe, Brazil and Sub-Saharan Africa as the largest N2O footprint contributors (59.2\% of the global total). In most developed economies, the CH4\&nbsp;and N2O footprints were much higher than their emissions on the production side, but opposite picture is observed in emerging economies. 36.4\% and 24.8\% of the global CH4\&nbsp;and N2O emissions in 2012 were associated with international trade, respectively. Substantial energy-related CH4\&nbsp;and agricultural CH4\&nbsp;and N2O emissions were transferred from developed countries to developing countries. Several nations within Kyoto targets have reduced their CH4\&nbsp;and N2O emissions significantly between 1990 and 2012, but the generally-believed success is challenged when viewing from the consumption side. Mainland China, Southeast Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, Brazil, Middle East and India witnessed prominent increase of CH4\&nbsp;and N2O footprints in the same period. The structure and spatial patterns of global CH4\&nbsp;and N2O footprints shed light on the role of consumption-side actions and international cooperation for future non-CO2\&nbsp;GHG emission reduction.},
	author = {Wenjie Tian and Xudong Wu and Rong Ma and Bo Zhang}
}
